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Biographies Complete all tasks in a timely manner, meaning as soon as possible. Andersons group performed well, cutting telegraph lines and striking the Union supply lines. Price was strongly criticized by Jefferson Davis and others for his misuse of the guerrillas. It would forever alter the destiny of William C. Quantrill and his infamous Raiders. Here we have teen-aged Archie Clements. If this could be done while inflicting fear and pain, all the better. Terrell himself held the poorest of reputations. William Clarke Quantrill was a Confederate captain during the American Civil War and was responsible for the Lawrence massacre, which was one of the worst and bloodiest events in the war. Quantrill was also the oldest of twelve children, four of whom died in infancy. Why, he sent me money all the time he was away from home, even when he was a Confederate soldier. Battles . William Clarke Quantrill: [to Jesse] Napoleon made the profound A common trait of the guerillas was a distaste for discipline. He was wounded nine times before his death and was described as a maniac in battle. Todd wrested control of Quantrills band in the spring of 1864 before allying himself with Anderson. Kentucky was a bushwackers paradise. However, neighbors soon began to notice Quantrill stealing goods out of other people's cabins and so they banished him from the community in January 1858. The confidence of the men in their leader was slipping; many suspected that as a Northerner, Quantrill fought for no principles, just self-serving purposes of gathering plunder and increasing military rank. Barton, OS: Three Years with Quantrill: A True Story Told by His Scout, John McCorkle, Norman, Oklahoma, 1914, Beilein, Joseph M. Jr.: Bushwackers: Guerrilla Warfare, Manhood, and the Household in Civil War Missouri, Kent State University Press, Kent, Ohio, 2016, Brownlee, Richard S.: Gray Ghosts of the Confederacy: Guerrilla Warfare in the West, 1861-1865, Castel, Albert: William Clarke Quantrill: His Life and Times, New York, 1962, Castel, Albert: General Sterling Price and the Civil War in the West, Baton Rouge, 1968. Others, like William Anderson, had already entered a dark abyss from which there was no return and no escape except death. Even the remains of the troubled young warrior, William Clarke Quantrill, have found little peace in death. Similar Items. 2023 Missouri Life Magazine. Quantrill and his followers decided that revenge would be had for the girls deaths, and the location would be the Kansas town of Lawrence, an abolitionist hotbed and home to Jayhawker Senator James Lane, who had led the raid on Osceola. By 1864 most of the older guerrillas who fought for the Confederacy had died, gone home, or joined the regular Confederate army. Anderson kept his Confederate battle flag carefully folded amongst his personal effects, like a memory of an earlier time and purpose. It was considered good sport to switch the decapitated heads to different bodies or impale them on fence posts. He decided to become a schoolteacher as a young man and started this profession. William Clarke Quantrill (Charley Hart, Charles William Quantrill, and Billy Quantrill), Civil War guerrilla leader, was born at Canal Dover, Ohio, on July 31, 1837, to Thomas Henry and Caroline Cornelia (Clarke) Quantrill. In winter, when concealment was difficult, the guerrillas would head south to Texas until the foliage returned in Missouri, though they did not leave drunkenness, mayhem, and murder behind in their Texas sojourns. Clements was only 21-years-old when he died on December 13, 1866. He soon broke with the army, complaining that the South was not fighting with necessary ferocity and commitment, and formed a band of renegades, robbers, and murderers. He arrived at the prison hospital on May 13, 1865. The unit that successfully ambushed Quantrill and his followers was led by Edwin W. Terrell, a guerrilla hunter charged with finding and eliminating high-profile targets by General John M. Palmer, the commander of the District of Kentucky. In a twisted set of circumstances, some playing out in more recent years, the guerrilla leaders bones have been scattered in restless interment at Dover, Ohio; Louisville, Kentucky; and the old Confederate Soldiers Home cemetery in Higginsville, Missouri. Quantrill, William Clarke (1837-1865). Complete your free account to access notes and highlights. Quantrill's father earned a living as a coppersmith. My students love how organized the handouts are and enjoy tracking the themes as a class., Requesting a new guide requires a free LitCharts account. During this time, Quantrill helped support the family by continuing to work as a schoolteacher, but he left home a year later and headed to Mendota, Illinois. Battles & Tribes, American Revolution The Ledger in yet another article on Friday, November 1, 1907, reported, Monday, Mr. Langford brought this office a batch of letters from W.W. Scott, of Canal Dover, Ohio, where Quantrells [sic] mother resided until her death and where the guerrilla was born and raised. At the other end of the clearing were Andersons men, waiting by their horses. In 1858, he moved to Utah where he was a gambler. Most had never joined the army, were paroled prisoners, or even deserters. At this time, many Ohioans were migrating to the Kansas Territory in search of cheap land and opportunity. The party of three departed in late February 1857. As the name Bushwacker implies, the main tactic of the guerrillas was the ambush, sudden attack followed by a quick withdrawal and dispersal on fast mounts into country best known to the guerrillas. [citation needed] Soon thereafter, he signed on as a teamster with the U.S. Army expedition heading to Salt Lake City, Utah in the spring of 1858. Bandits and renegades on both sides roamed freely throughout, robbing and killing at will. This left the field open to independent guerrilla commanders who took little if any direction from Confederate authorities. You cannot escape." Counter-Measures Union counter-measures included the death penalty for interfering with the railroads. Listen carefully to instructions and never expect to be told anything a second time. Whether it was in retaliation for an attack by Senator James H. Lanes jayhawkers on Osceola, or revenge for the collapse of a womens prison in Kansas City that killed relatives of Bloody Bill Anderson and other guerrillas, the event that would come to be called the Lawrence Massacre was one of the largest and most significant acts of violence on civilians in the American Civil War. Bloody Bills brother Jim disappeared around 1867-68. 500 matching entries found. Of Raiders and Reunions: A KC Q Answered - Kansas City Public Library William Quantrill's Leadership During The Civil War | AntiEssays A boyhood friend of Quantrill, the newspaper reporter William W. Scott, claimed to have dug up the Louisville grave in 1887 and to have brought Quantrill's remains back to Dover at the request of Quantrill's mother. The bodies lay so thick that Dave Poole amused himself counting them by jumping from body to body. He told her that slavery was right and that he now detested Jim Lane. In their initial formation, Quantrill's Raiders were nothing more than a collection of pro-Confederate men who fought Union sympathizers in Missouri and Kansas, both of which were (more or less) under control of the Union at the time. Many books and articles have attempted to tell an accurate story of Quantrills last battle, but only someone who was present would have the final information. One was led by his lieutenant, "Bloody Bill" Anderson, and Quantrill joined it briefly in the fall of 1864 during a fight north of the Missouri River. Within some weeks after the news stories were published, two men came to British Columbia, travelling to Quatsino from Victoria, leaving Quatsino on a return voyage of a coastal steamer the next day. From this point on, the guerrillas fought in their own interest, not the Confederacies. A squadron of around 425-450 guerrilla fighters prepared to cross the border into . He was killed either by Dave Pooles brother William or by guerrilla George Shepherd, who was reported to have cut Jim Andersons throat on the courthouse lawn in Sherman Texas. Frank James was an early member of Quantrills band. Please reorganize this content to explain the subject's impact on popular culture. He had moved from Georgia to the old Indian Territory in 1838. Posing as Captain Clarke, Quantrill continued to use the effective guise of his command as a Missouri unit detached to the Bluegrass State to track down secessionist guerrillas. By wars end, the guerrilla war in Missouri had descended into a kind of Confederate version of the Lord of the Flies in which teenagers and young men used revenge as justification for operating outside the laws of war and conventional morality. The rifled muskets carried by the Union cavalry were unwieldy on horseback, so Johnston ordered his men to dismount and form a line, with a quarter of his force held back to hold the horses. As a result, Todd became a captain and Anderson a lieutenant, but these ranks existed only within the unit and do not appear to have ever been commissioned officially by the CSA. Upon reaching adulthood, Quantrill briefly taught school in Ohio. A school teacher from Ohio, Quantrill became one of the most notorious figures of the US Civil War. I aim to see him shot or hanged." "Yes, yes, well might you labor to that end," said Stonehill. You'll be able to access your notes and highlights, make requests, and get updates on new titles. Thirty-two such reunions were held, with the image of William Quantrill adopted as a kind of icon for the veterans, who posed with his portrait and wore ribbons with his image. Instead Price began a meandering march in which he wasted his strength in a series of pointless battles. When Todd died in 1864, Poole took over his command. ): A Thrilling Record, Founded on Facts and Observations Obtained During Ten Days Experience with Colonel William T. Anderson (the Notorious Guerrilla Chieftain), Des Moines, Iowa, 1868, Goodrich, Thomas: Black Flag: Guerrilla Warfare on the Western Border, 1861-1865, Indiana University Press, Bloomington Ill., 1995, Leslie, Edward E.: The Devil Knows How to Ride: The True Story of William Quantrill and His Confederate Raiders, New York, 1998, McLachlan, Sean: American Civil War Guerrilla Tactics, Oxford, 2009, Oates, Stephen B.: Confederate Cavalry West of the River, Austin (3rd ed. But more than likely, Quantrill planned to link up with General Robert E. Lees army, believing that the men would be considered Southern soldiers and would be pardoned with the coming end of the war in Virginia. Sawed-off shotguns were also in use and the personal arsenal was usually completed with Bowie knives and tomahawks for hand-to-hand fighting. Anderson set off on his own with 20 men in March 1864. Contact between Langford and Quantrills mother was handled by W. W. Scott, one of Quantrills boyhood friends. The next year, their first child was born and they named her Katie Scarlett, Margaret Mitchell We endure hard times by the power of God. They're like having in-class notes for every discussion!, This is absolutely THE best teacher resource I have ever purchased. William Clarke Quantrill was a leader of Confederate guerrilla forces during the American Civil War. Quantrill's mother, Caroline Quantrill described her son this way. For brave men there's never a bolt to his door. Im here for revenge, said Anderson, and I have got it.. Authors; In the early 1990s, the Missouri division of the Sons of Confederate Veterans convinced the Kansas State Historical Society to negotiate with authorities in Dover, which led to three arm bones, two leg bones, and some hair, all of which were allegedly Quantrill's, being re-buried in 1992 at the Old Confederate Veteran's Home Cemetery in Higginsville, Missouri. 130 pounds and five feet of perpetually grinning malevolence, Clements was once described as Bloody Bills chief devil. Clements family home had been burned down and his brother murdered by Union militia, leaving Archie with a thirst for Union blood. The guerrillas swore revenge and took it on September 27, 1864, at the Missouri town of Centralia. As one of the few regular officers to bother studying guerrilla tactics, Cox was the man for the job and was given men experienced in fighting bushwackers. You'll also get updates on new titles we publish and the ability to save highlights and notes. Pursuit by guerrilla-hunting units became ruthless. Military Order of the Loyal Legion of the U.S. Confederate States presidential election of 1861, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=William_Quantrill&oldid=1151901351, People of Missouri in the American Civil War, People of Kansas in the American Civil War, People of Kentucky in the American Civil War, Terrorist incidents in the United States by perpetrator, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles with unsourced statements from September 2021, Articles with unsourced statements from January 2023, Articles with unsourced statements from July 2019, Wikipedia articles needing page number citations from August 2020, Articles with unsourced statements from June 2019, Articles with trivia sections from June 2019, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0. William Quantrill was a pro-slavery guerilla leader during the Civil War. The area was so thoroughly devastated that it became known thereafter as the "Burnt District". [13], On September 7, 1862, after midnight, Quantrill with 140 of his men captured Olathe, Kansas, where he surprised 125 Union soldiers, who were forced to surrender. The garrison commander did not appreciate their humor but added their names to the roles as required and ordered them out of town. A further order forcing the conscription of all able-bodied men into Union militias convinced many young men in Missouri to join the guerrillas instead. Instant downloads of all 1725 LitChart PDFs William C. Quantrill | American outlaw | Britannica William C. Quantrill - Ohio History Central While it is possible that at least half the Missouri population were against secession, repressive measures by out-of-state Union forces turned many into reluctant supporters of the Southern cause. The ferocity and brutality of a conflict waged between neighbors and families precluded the possibility of an easy transition into a post-war peace. By the summer of 1863, it was obvious the war in the West was lost. Andersons reputation actually helped in recruitment; according to Jim Cummins, a member of Andersons band: Having looked the situation over I determined to join the worst devil in the bunch, so I decided it was Anderson for me as I wanted to see the blood flow., Union supporters or relatives of soldiers could expect little mercy. Quantrills outraged band blamed the federal troops.

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