Much the same appears to have happened in Andalusia, where absentee landlords were separated from a mass of largely landless laborers and where rural discontent increasingly took class forms. Stories about bandits are therefore an intrinsic part of the phenomenon. Translated by Alan Sheridan. Gambetta, Diego. Privateers sometimes went beyond their commissions, attacking vessels that didnt belong to the targeted country. Eric J. Hobsbawm coined the term "social bandits" to describe Robin Hood-style outlaws who championed the oppressed peasants. London, 1971. Bandits in a Landscape: A Study of Romantic Painting from Caravaggio to Delacroix. Cruciverba. Bandits were natural men, outside time, but nevertheless potential lawmakers. In Greece the notions of atichos (luckless) and moira (fate) were equally prevalent. Discourse on and about bandits in society indicates a great deal about that society and its power relations. In sum, Latin American elites and masses both participated in banditry. Following Hobsbawm, bandit myths are generic expressions of hidden grassroots aspirations; following Blok, these myths are largely irrelevant to banditry's political functions in the class war. Thief The name Bandit is primarily a gender-neutral name of American origin that means Thief. As the term corsair is specific to the Mediterranean, the term buccaneer is specific to the Caribbean and the Pacific coast of Central America. Madrid, 1991. The body had to be "prepared" retroactivelydisassembled and then reassembled in a grotesque parody of the original bodyto be offered back to the group who "made" it. 27 Apr. Koliopoulos, Johns. If you see some of them in a group, they might be referred to as a gang or a pack. bandit noun [ C ] us / bn.dt / uk / bn.dt / a thief with a weapon, especially one belonging to a group that attacks people traveling through the countryside Synonym brigand literary SMART Vocabulary: related words and phrases Murderers & attackers abductor assailant assassin attacker basher butcher cyberbully death squad gunman highwayman This box-office success, which was later reissued under the completely inappropriate title Sword of Blood, is part of the ongoing popularization and romanticization of the premodern underworld. Throughout the Mediterranean, at least as far back as the eighteenth century, banditry has often been incorporated in nationalist and regional rhetoric. Paris, 1861. His Italian counterpart was Marco Sciarra, who controlled the countryside around Rome in the 1590s. [26] Robinson further points out that "[a] widespread network to dispose of the stolen livestock linked" towns in the Capital Region to nearby provinces. In addition to a desire for economic gain, personal and familial conflict drove some men to banditry. In Puglia few legal or illegal opportunities were available for social mobility, and the social relations of production encouraged the emergence of collective solidarity and of anarchosyndicalism (a doctrine advocating that workers seize control of the economy and government). window.__mirage2 = {petok:"EV6XD901GYmICFHXx6qFgPW3RpXZeJL5FpM.yILeC4E-86400-0"}; Literary romanticization of bandits was pronounced during the formation of nation-states and was often coupled with the desire of the urban literati to discover sources of opposition (often to foreign rule) in the countryside. . The name is derived from the French boucan, a grill for smoking meat, and was first applied to French wild game hunters living in western Hispaniola in the early 17th century. Dreams and Realities: Selected Fiction of Juana Manuela Gorriti. Lampio (Virgolino Ferreira da Silva) and Antnio Silvino in Brazil, Po Romero in Bolivia, and Manuel Garca in Cuba became symbols of popular resistance to oppression. Latin American elites long have recognized the dangerous political potential of banditry and have made vigorous efforts to contain it. See more. By applying Norbert Elias's notion of power configurations to his historical anthropological research on Sicily, he suggested that Hobsbawm overemphasized class conflict and romanticized bandits. Journal ofModern Greek Studies 6 (1988): 269290. For an analysis of banditry, it may be useful to steer a middle course, borrowing from the various perspectives that treat bandits as primitive social rebels (as Hobsbawm does), as individual opportunists, or as the co-opted henchmen of rural potentates (as Blok does). If you see some of them in a group, they might be referred to as a gang or a pack. 2 (1982): 58-89. Equipment Looters can spawn with in battle. Cite this article Pick a style below, and copy the text for your bibliography. [3], In Nazi-occupied Europe from 1939 to 1945, the German doctrine of Bandenbekmpfung ("bandit fighting") portrayed opponents of the Greater Germanic Reich as "bandits" dangerous criminals who did not deserve any consideration as human beings. They exhibited clear partisan rather than class leanings. He spoke of "pathological aberrations" and "ultra violence" as a manifestation of the "primitive" nature of bandits' rebellion, but he could not explain it adequately. A central way to express violence and damage one's opponent's interests was through the mutilation of both individuals and animals. Passive complicity consisted of a series of unconnected individual acceptances of the status quo and served to conceal illegal violent acts. The Brazilian "good thief," Antnio Silvino, followed the leads of his father and godfather into bandit life. Inevitably, state authorities viewed such violence as a sign of "barbarism" to be mercilessly extirpated, and as a moral weakness in the peasants who were duped by the bandits. Then, copy and paste the text into your bibliography or works cited list. Madrid, 1934. American Quarterly 56, no. bevy, family, romp, raft (when floating together). . D for Donkeys A group of donkeys is called a drove. Blok and others interpreted it in instrumental terms: violence ensures peasant submission. Mounted banditry was the major and pervasive type of banditry plaguing roads around the capital Beijing and its surrounding areas, administrated and named as the Capital Region. Yet through that act the bandit embarked on his final transformation. Refer to each styles convention regarding the best way to format page numbers and retrieval dates. Many bandit chiefs published pamphlets in their own defense claiming that, like all good Greeks, they were fighting the Turks, the Muslim outsiders who were the true brigands attempting to discredit the country. //
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