How do these events help explain Deborahs initial reluctance to talk with Skloot? 7. She could have had a stroke. 6. Guided Reading and Discussion Questions are provided for each chapter. Does some medical research seem more wrong? Deborah is also a generous and forgiving person, as evidenced by her comment that the family cannot go into history with a hate attitude. Chapter Nineteen: The Most Critical Time on This Earth is Now 1. What were some of Deborahs fears and concerns after she found out that her mothers cells were still alive? Chapter Twenty-Seven: The Secret to Immortality 1. For further information, click here for Dayle Delanceys article, which begins on page three. A lay preacher, he performed a faith healing on Deborah.LaTonyaDeborah and Cheetahs second child; Davons motherLittle AlfredDeborahs grandsonMargaret Sturdivant Henriettas cousin and confidante. Lengauer welcomes the family in, showing them the long freezers in which millions of Henrietta's cells are stored. By Laurie Fickman 713-743-8454. Zakariyya Bari Abdul Rahman (born Joe Lacks) Henrietta and Days fifth child. The free trial period is the first 7 days of your subscription. Some rooms had drains on the floor rather than toilets. Yet as Lengauer points out, all the information (DNA) that made Henrietta who she was is present in these cells. If Gey did speak to Henrietta just before she died, do you think she would have understood what immortal cells were? Explain what the Jim Crow laws were. Margaret Gey George Geys wife and research assistant. We are experiencing technical difficulties. 3. April 27, 2023. The next day, Skloot and Deborah went to Crownsville to see if they could find any record of what happened to Elsie. By clicking Sign Up, I acknowledge that I have read and agree to Penguin Random House's Privacy Policy and Terms of Use and understand that Penguin Random House collects certain categories of personal information for the purposes listed in that policy, discloses, sells, or shares certain personal information and retains personal information in accordance with the policy. Describe conditions at the hospital during the time period when Elsie was a patient there. Explain who Roland Pattillo is. Evaluate whether or not you think this is an appropriate way to interpret the story. George Gey head of tissue-culture research at Johns Hopkins. 5. 6. What did she promise to do for the Lacks family if and when the book was published? This section became known as Lacks Town.Alfred Cheetah CarterDeborahs first husband. Delancey discusses one specific example at length: Danvers State Hospital in Massachusetts. 2. Craft and Structure Determine the meaning of words and phrases as they are used in a text, including figurative, connotative, and technical meanings; analyze the cumulative impact of specific word choices on meaning and tone (e.g., how the language of a court opinion differs from that of a newspaper). 3. 4. 4. In 1992, African In telling Henriettas story, Skloot draws from primary sources and personal interviews to provide insightful narrative accounts of Henriettas childhood, young adulthood, diagnosis, illness, and tragic death. The injustice of Henrietta Lackss story has opened the medical community to a new standard of care, bringing to light several bioethical issues, including informed consent, medical records privacy, and communication with tissue donors and research participants, according to Johns Hopkins. How did this abuse affect him? 9. 2. WebWhat does Pattillo tell Skloot about Elsie Lacks? What are the risks and benefits of allowing profit to guide research? WebNeed help with Chapter 34: The Medical Records in Rebecca Skloot's The Immortal Life of Henrietta Lacks? Why did Deborah choose not to request a copy of her mothers medical records? What does the fact that the town still has more than ten churches suggest about the people in Turner Station? What did Henriettas first doctor assume the source of the lump on Henriettas cervix was? 7. Who do you think makes the more persuasive argument, Van Valen or Stevenson? Michael Rogers Rolling Stone reporter who wrote an article about the Lacks family in 1976. Miraculously, he had a book that contained reports from 1955. for a customized plan. Elsie, committed to Crownsville Hospital Center at a young age, was likely abused and neglected prior to her death at the institution in 1955. He published details from Henriettas medical records and autopsy report without permission from the Lacks family. What is ironic about his participation in these studies? 13. 8. Elsie Lacks, Henriettas youngest child, had been committed to Crownsville Hospital Center for alleged cerebral palsy, epilepsy, and a diagnosis of idiocy (273). Why was Deborah unable to attend the National Foundation for Cancer Researchs Henrietta Lacks conference? Creating notes and highlights requires a free LitCharts account. Best summary PDF, themes, and quotes. What types of experiments have been done, and how did researchers find test subjects? What did Stanley Gartler discover about eighteen of the most commonly used cell cultures? LaTonya Deborah and Cheetahs second child. 4. Based on the objective details in her medical chart, what can you infer about Henriettas life and personality? Her case is now considered terminal. Other Titles of Interest I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings by Maya Angelou Ten Days in a Mad-House by Nellie Bly The Speckled Monster: A Historical Tale of Battling the Smallpox Epidemic by Jennifer Lee Carrell Remembering Jim Crow: African Americans Tell About Life in the Segregated South Edited by William Chafe, Raymond Gavins, and Robert Korstad Fried Green Tomatoes at the Whistle Stop Cafe by Fannie Flagg The Immortalists: Charles Lindbergh, Dr. Alexis Carrel, and Their Daring Quest to Live Forever by David M. Friedman Bad Blood: The Tuskegee Syphilis Experiment by James H. Jones The Right to Privacy by Ellen Alderman and Caroline Kennedy In The Name of Eugenics: Genetics and the Uses of Human Heredity by Daniel Kevles The John McPhee Reader by John McPhee and William Howarth Polio: An American Story by David M. Oshinsky The Lives They Left Behind: Suitcases from a State Hospital Attic by Darby Penny, Peter Stastny, Lisa Rinzler, and Robert Whitaker Genie: A Scientific Tragedy by Russ Rymer Coal River by Michael Shnayerson Medical Apartheid: The Dark History of Medical Experimentation on Black Americans from Colonial Times to the Present by Harriet A. Washington The Plutonium Files: Americas Secret Medical Experiments in the Cold War by Eileen WelsomeOnline Resources Author Web site: http://rebeccaskloot.com/ Lacks family Web site: http://www.lacksfamily.com/ Radiolab segment on the story of Henrietta Lacks and her children, featuring audio footage of Deborah Lacks talking about her mothers cells, and actual recordings of key scenes from the book: http://www.wnyc.org/shows/radiolab/episodes/2010/05/07/segments/150681 Fresh Airs Terry Gross interviews the author: http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=123232331 CBS Sunday Morning piece featuring interviews with the author, members of the Lacks family, and a representative from Johns Hopkins: http://www.cbsnews.com/video/watch/?id=6304949n&tag=related;photovideo Tavis Smiley interviews the author: http://www.pbs.org/kcet/tavissmiley/archive/201005/20100514_skloot.html Are We Alone? public radio segment focusing on the science of HeLa cells: http://radio.seti.org/episodes/Cell_Cell_ Author appearance on The Colbert Report: http://www.colbertnation.com/ thecolbertreportvideos/267542/march162010/rebeccaskloot Slate article about the Law & Order episode based on the book: http://www.slate.com/id/2257189The Immortal Life of Henrietta Lacks and Common Core State Standards With appropriate scaffolding, The Immortal Life of Henrietta Lacks will meet the standard for Range of Reading and Level of Text Complexity for most high school grade levels. Skloot would later learn that doctors had performed experiments on Crownsville patients without their consent. She died when Henrietta was four. Analyze the last paragraphs of this chapter. She was institutionalized due to epilepsy and died at age 15.Eliza Lacks PleasantHenriettas mother. As the story of HeLa unfolds, so does the story of Henriettas surviving children, who for two decades were unaware of the existence of their mothers cellsand the multimillion-dollar industry that developed around the production and use of HeLa. Chapter Thirteen: The HeLa Factory 1. Deborah and Zakariyya accompanied Skloot to visit Lengauer at Hopkins in order to see the HeLa cells. Lengauer answered many of their questions about Henriettas illness and cells. What do these interactions reveal about their attitudes toward religious faith? 3. 6. Describe your first impression of Zakariyya. 9. How did Bobette respond to Deborahs pregnancy? 3. What happened to the HeLa cells that Mary cultured? 4. What do you think of the connection between patient abuse and haunted hospitals? How did Day initially respond to their request? Why didnt Deborah go through with her plan to kill Cheetah? Did researchers explain why they wanted DNA samples to the Lacks family? What do the Tuskegee Syphilis Study and the Mississippi Appendectomies suggest about the history of African Americans and medicine? Rebecca tells Gary that she has a song from the previous night stuck in her head, and Gary says that this is God trying to tell her something. 4. Why do you think no one told her very much about them? Request Permissions, Published By: The Johns Hopkins University Press. He developed the techniques used togrow HeLa cells from Henriettas cancer tissue in his lab.Howard JonesHenriettas gynecologist at Johns HopkinsLeonard Hayflick microbiologist who proved that normal cells die when theyve doubled about fifty times.This is known as the Hayflick limit.Margaret GeyGeorge Geys wife and research assistant. 4. She had a 3. Explain how the sale of HeLa evolved into a business. Ethel Galens wife, an abusive caregiver to Henriettas three youngest children. And who carries our memories? Want 100 or more? Describe the experiment that Southam developed to test his hypothesis about HeLa. He has saved only a few bags of them, and miraculously, Elsie Lacks' medical record is included in this pile. What part of Elsies medical records did Lurz have? When did the doctors realize that Henrietta had been correct about the growth of her cancer? Using the book as a guide, describe the process of scientific inquiry. Why did David Lacks take Henrietta to the public wards at Johns Hopkins instead of a closer hospital? What important misunderstanding about HeLa does Lengauer clarify for Deborah? Why do you think Deborah tells Skloot that she just witnessed a miracle? 14. Explain the meaning of the idiomatic expression to drop a bomb. 2. 6. 6. 7. Compare and contrast the different attitudes the white and black Lacks family members held about race. 6. 4. Chapter Twenty-One: Night Doctors 1. PDF downloads of all 1725 LitCharts literature guides, and of every new one we publish. Carefully reread the speech Deborah gave at Morehouse College, paying particular attention to her repetition of the word understanding. Why do you think understanding HeLa was so important to Deborah? Gary tells Deborah that her quest to find out about Elsie and Henrietta has been a way of honoring her mother. Explain what he means by saying this. The women are allowed to continue through the records. The two women visit Deborah's aunt Gladys, but Deborah is acting strangely. SOCIAL STUDIES 1. As children, they worked the tobacco fields together.Crazy Joe GrinnanHenriettas cousin who competed unsuccessfully with Day for her affectionDavon MeadeDeborahs grandson who often lived with and took care of herEthelGalens wife, an abusive caregiver to Henriettas three youngest childrenFred GarretHenriettas cousin who convinced Day and Henrietta to move to Turner StationGalen Henriettas cousin. Based on this statement, do you believe TeLinde and Guy had the right to obtain a sample from her cervix to use in their research? What does Pattillo tell Skloot about Elsie Lacks? interviews; poetry; fiction; and book reviews. Henriettas cells have been bought and sold by the billions, yet she remains virtually unknown, and her family cant afford health insurance. 4. 6. Who was Henriettas gynecologist? Alexis Carrel French surgeon and Nobel Prize recipient who claimed to have cultured immortal chicken-heart cells. What was Elsies early life like? By entering your email address you agree to receive emails from SparkNotes and verify that you are over the age of 13. 8. Chapter Eight: A Miserable Specimen 1. mission to include the study of a broader array of cultural Stanley Gartler the geneticist who dropped the HeLa bomb when he proposed that many of the most commonly used cell cultures had been contaminated by HeLa cells. WebElsie Lacks's treatment at Crownsville is a particularly painful episode in the history of mistreatment of black people at the hands of the medical profession. In the midst of the ceremony, Pullum pulls Rebecca up on the pulpit, saying that she has come to make sense of Henrietta's cells. A few months after, Rebecca attends the baptism of Sonny's granddaughter LaBrea. 2. What does this refrain suggest about their worldview and values? 3. Describe Keenan Kester Cofield. Elsie had developmental disabilities and was described by her family as "different" or "deaf and dumb". 7. A few minutes later, a jittery and anxious Deborah joins Rebecca in the room as Rebecca goes through Henrietta's medical records. Analyze how the author unfolds an analysis or series of ideas or events, including the order in which the points are made, how they are introduced and developed, and the connections that are drawn between them. 2. She was institutionalized. Summarize the main obstacles Gey and his assistants faced in their effort to grow cells. 13. 3. What happens when there is a mistake during the process of mitosis? Sometimes it can end up there. Explain how TeLinde and Geys relationship led to Gey obtaining a tissue sample from Henriettas tumor. He developed the techniques used to grow HeLa cells from Henriettas cancer tissue in his lab. Instead, she focuses on getting her grandchildren educated. Members of the Medical and Scientific Community. Project MUSE A 1958 article from the Washington Post revealed that Crownsville, MD in the 50s was more awful than Skloot and Deborah had imagined. Find related themes, quotes, symbols, characters, and more. Schools are encouraged to adopt the text at the grade level where it best fits with ELA, science and/or social studies curriculum. Research the laws and the ethical debate over offering payment in exchange for participation in scientific studies, or for the donation of blood, eggs, sperm, or other biological materials. At what point could compensation become coercive? 3. Why didnt his surgeons honor his request? What are the consequences of this perspective? (one code per order). 2. Compare the medical terms describing Elsies condition with the terms used by Henriettas friends and family. Henrietta Lacks was a mother of five in Baltimore, a poor African American migrant from the tobacco farms of Virginia, who died from a cruelly aggressive cancer at the age of 30 in 1951. She says immortality doesn't sound all that great because you'd be lonely, but she also thinks that she'd be okay coming back as a HeLa cell line, so that she and her mother could do good in the world together. Any BILLING QUESTIONS should be After her diagnosis and treatment, how did Henrietta behave? 8. Not affiliated with Harvard College. SparkNotes PLUS Christopher Lengauer cancer researcher at Johns Hopkins who helped develop FISH, a technique used to detect and identify DNA sequences, and who reached out to members of the Lacks family. She organized an effort tobuild a Henrietta Lacks museum.John Moore cancer patient who unsuccessfully sued his doctor and the regents of the University of Californiaover the use of his cells to create the Mo cell lineThe Immortal Life of Henrietta LacksRebecca SklootA Broadway Paperback ISBN 978-1-4000-5218-9 RebeccaSkloot.com HenriettaLacksFoundation.orgA Readers GuideMichael Gold author of A Conspiracy of Cells. 7. They're like having in-class notes for every discussion!, This is absolutely THE best teacher resource I have ever purchased. How did Day, Sonny, and Lawrence respond to Joes crime? Writing Prompts are thematic and organized in sections that may be of special interest to the disciplines of language arts, social studies, and science. Journalists and OthersCourtney Mama Speedresident of Turner Station and owner of Speeds Grocery. Instant PDF downloads. 5. One study concerned pneumoencephalography, a procedure that allowed for crisp X-rays of the brain by draining the natural fluid that surrounds and protects the brain. According to Ethels cousins, why did she dislike Henrietta? What details suggest that Carrels claims about the immortal cell line were not scientifically sound? The narrative structure of the book is quite complex, as the author weaves together numerous narratives. WebHenrietta Lacks by foregrounding Elsie, whose absent presence appears in only twelve to fifteen pages of the entire book, even though her story offers a powerful indictment of the Lengauer points out that scientists need to be careful when handling the HeLa cells to avoid releasing them, and Deborah asks if this is related to the contamination problem, which impresses Lengauer. Lengauer hands Deborah a vial of her mother's cells, and Deborah warms it in her hands, saying her mother is probably cold. 5. Please wait while we process your payment. 8. The description His light brown face had grown tough with age, cracked but soft, like a pair of wellworn work boots, conveys a strong impression of Day Lacks. Summarize the events in Deborahs life leading up to her initial contact with Rebecca Skloot. This is known as the Hayflick limit.Margaret GeyGeorge Geys wife and research assistant. Turner Station is a classic example of a company town. Why did advances in genetic research necessitate establishing the legal requirement that doctors or researchers obtain informed consent documentation prior to taking DNA samples from patients for research?
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